In most but not all patients presenting with angina, CAD symptoms are caused by significant atherosclerosis. Observe for signs of decreasing peripheral tissue perfusion such as slow capillary refill, facial pallor, cyanosis, and cool, clammy skin. Identify precipitating event, if any: frequency, duration, intensity, and location of pain. Nursing Care Plan 1. The types of angina are stable, unstable, prinzmetal, and microvascular angina. Teach deep breathing exercises and relaxation techniques. Have patient rest for 1 hr after meals. His situation drove his passion for helping student nurses by creating content and lectures that are easy to digest. Medications. The nicotine in cigarettes facilitates the constriction of blood vessels, which then increases the cardiac workload. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substance found in the blood. 2 Comments Assess the factors that contribute to the patients sense of powerlessness. Abdominal pain may also occur, as well as nausea and vomiting. Nurseslabs NCLEX Practice Questions, Nursing Study Guides, and Care Plans, 4 Angina Pectoris (Coronary Artery Disease) Nursing Care Plans. Nursing Care Plans for Angina Decreased cardiac output related to the disease process of coronary artery disease (CAD) as evidenced by angina, patients verbalization of heavy and tight chest pain, sweating, nausea, and heart rate of 150 bpm and blood pressureof 85/50 Desired outcome: The patient will be able to maintain adequate cardiac output. Also known as angina pectoris (which means it is located in the chest), angina is a type of pain that can be described as heaviness, tightness, squeezing or pressured, as if something heavy is lying on the chest. To provide information on angina, its pathophysiology, and management in the simplest way possible. Elevate head of bed if patient is short of breath. Stay with patient who is experiencing pain or appears anxious. Provide adequate ventilation in the room. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. Learning stress management techniques is helpful in lowering the risk for angina and CAD. Encourage the patient to follow a low cholesterol, high caloric diet. It may be hard to distinguish angina from other types of chest pain such as heartburn due to indigestion. To increase the oxygen level and achieve an SpO2 value of at least 94%. Plaque narrows the arteries and reduces blood flow to your heart muscle. To assist in creating an accurate diagnosis and monitor effectiveness of medical treatment. Alternate periods of physical activity with 60-90 minutes of undisturbed rest. It also makes it more likely that blood clots will form in your arteries. To create a baseline of activity levels and mental status related to fatigue and activity intolerance. Nitrates may be given to relax the blood vessels. Required fields are marked *. Provides information about disease progression. How to Start an IV? Administer antianginal medication (s) promptly as indicated: Nitroglycerin: sublingual (Nitrostat), buccal, or oral tablets, metered-dose spray. Your email address will not be published. Nursing Care Plan 2eval(ez_write_tag([[250,250],'nursestudy_net-banner-1','ezslot_1',127,'0','0'])); Nursing Diagnosis: Deficient Knowledge related to new diagnosis of angina as evidenced by patients verbalization of I want to know more about my new diagnosis and care. Stress test walking on a treadmill or pedaling a stationary bike while connected to the ECG. (2020). Refer the patient to a psychologist if the patient gives consent. Coronary arteriesare arteries that supply the heart muscle with oxygen-rich blood. Family and significant others can provide adequate emotional support to the patient by active listening. Refer to the community nursing team and social health team as needed. To avoid triggering angina by allowing the patient to pace activity versus rest. To create a baseline of activity levels, degree of fatigability, and mental status related to fatigue and activity intolerance. Smoking cessation, low cholesterol diet, blood pressure control, stress management, and increased physical activity/ exercise may prevent angina episodes and lower the risk for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). To gradually increase the patients tolerance to physical activity. Educate patient on stress management, deep breathing exercises, and relaxation techniques. Since the blocked coronary arteries cannot supply this additional demand, stable angina happens. Cardiac, Nursing Care Plans Learn how your comment data is processed. Nursing Diagnosis: Activity intolerance related to reduced oxygen supply to the heart, as evidenced by fatigue, overwhelming lack of energy, verbalization of tiredness, generalized weakness, and shortness of breath upon exertion. During his time as a student, he knows how frustrating it is to cram on difficult nursing topics. Desired Outcome: At the end of the health teaching session, the patient will be able to demonstrate sufficient knowledge of angina and its management. Reduces frequency and severity of attack by producing continuous vasodilation. Silvestri, L. A. Decreases myocardial workload associated with work of digestion, reducing risk of anginal attack. Desired outcome: The patient will be able to maintain adequate cardiac output. Aside from Decreased Cardiac Output and Acute Pain (as discussed in our Nursing Study Guide for Angina), below are 5 additional nursing care plans for a patient with angina. Variant or prinzmetal angina is rare and is particularly caused by the sudden spasm of a narrowed coronary artery. 887 Views. There are many risk factors for angina. Note: Isordil may be more effective for patients with variant form of angina. This site is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Discontinue if SpO2 level is above the target range, or as ordered by the physician. The time of monitoring of vital signs may depend on the peak time of the drug administered. A smoking cessation team can provide further help and advice on how to stop smoking and can also monitor the patients progress when he/she is back in the community. Stress causes a persistent increase in cortisol levels, which has been linked to people with cardiac issues. Administer prescribed medications that alleviate the symptoms of angina. Administer supplemental oxygen, as prescribed. Other names for coronary artery disease are atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hardening of the arteries, heart disease, ischemic heart disease and narrowing of arteries. , Rebar, C. R., & Heimgartner, N. M. 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